La zvemazuva ano uye digitalization yekutonga maitiro Iko kufambira mberi kukuru kune vashandisi uye kuHurumende zvakazara. Iko mukana wekuisa chitupa chedhijitari pakombuta yako uye nekudaro kuita maitiro nePublic Administration kure kure nekuita maitiro uye inovimbisa chengetedzo uye kuvanzika. Nekuva nechitupa chedhijitari, chitupa chako chinogona kutsigirwa kure uye mumasekonzi mashoma.
Imwe yemienzaniso yakapararira ndeye chitupa kubva kuNational Mint uye Stamp Factory, iyo inogona kuiswa pamakomputa ane Windows, Linux kana Mac Nekuisa ichi chitupa chedhijitari pakombuta, unogona kuita maitiro akasiyana uye kushandisa masevhisi eKutonga, senge iyo yeDGT.
Chii chinonzi digital certificate uye nei kuchiisa pakombuta?
Chitupa chedigital ndi gwaro redhijitari rinovimbisa kuzivikanwa kwemunhu pakuita maitiro paInternet. Inobvumira zviito zvakasiyana kuti zviitwe nemasangano akazvimirira uye eruzhinji. Munyika dzakaita seSpain, ine huchokwadi hwakafanana nekupa iyo chaiyo National Identity Document. Nekuisa chitupa chedhijitari pakombuta yako, unogona kuita zvinotevera zviito mukati menzvimbo chaiyo:
- Chinjana ruzivo nevanhu nemasangano zviri pamutemo.
- Ziva iwe pamapuratifomu eInternet.
- Saina zvinyorwa zvemagetsi uye mafomu.
- Kumbira rubatsiro.
Ndezvipi zvitupa zvedhijitari zviripo?
Kune marudzi akasiyana ezvitupa zvedhijitari, uye anogonesa zviito zvakasiyana. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvakanyanya kushandiswa iDNIe yakabudiswa neGeneral Police Directorate; kana chitupa kubva kuNational Mint uye Stamp Factory (FNMT). Chitupa chedhijitari chevashandi veveruzhinji chakapararirawo muSpain, icho chinoshanda kuzivisa munhu muhukama hwavo semushandi muhutungamiriri hweveruzhinji.
Zvitupa zvedhijitari zvakaiswa kupi?
Aya magwaro emagetsi anofanira kuisa muwebhu browser mukati mekombuta yako. Pamusoro pemabhurawuza anonyanya kushandiswa akadai seEdge, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome uye Opera, anogona zvakare kuiswa zvakananga panhare. Vane hunhu hwakasiyana uye hunofanirwa kuvandudzwa makore mashoma ega ega.
Maitiro ekuisa chitupa pakombuta yako yeWindows
Kana iwe ukashandisa iyo Microsoft Window inoshanda sisitimu unogona kuisa chitupa chedhijitari nekutevera matanho mashoma. Muenzaniso wechitupa chedhijitari cheMint uye Stamp Factory inofanira kukumbirwa pawebhusaiti yepamutemo uye unogona kuidhaunirodha mu.pfx kana .p12 fomati. Kana tangoidhawunirodha kune yedu hard drive, isu tinofanirwa kutevedzera aya matanho:
- Tinya kaviri pane faira rakadhaunirodwa .pfx.
- Iwindo reSitifiketi Kupinza Wizard rinovhura.
- Sarudza kuisa kune mumwe mushandisi weWindows kana yekombuta yese (Kombuta Yemunharaunda).
- Wona kuti chitupa chakarurama uye tinya Next bhatani.
- Muhwindo idzva iwe unofanirwa kuisa kiyi iyo iyo digital certificate yakachengetedzwa. Press Next.
- Sarudza kwauchachengeta chitupa.
- Dzvanya Next kuti uone pfupiso yesarudzo dzakapihwa nechitupa.
- Dzvanya Pedzisa uye kuendesa kuWindows kwapera.
Kubva pamaitiro aya zvichienda mberi, pese paunoshandisa web browser inoenderana neWindows zvitupa, unozozivikanwa. Iyo inokurumidza uye yakapusa nzira yekuita online maitiro kubva pakombuta yako.
Isa zvitupa paMac
Makombiyuta ane MacOS inoshanda sisitimu Iwe unogona zvakare kuisa iyi mhando yezvitupa. Iyo Public Administration yakasarudza fomati inoenderana neanonyanya kufarirwa masisitimu anoshanda, saka hapana mushandisi anofanirwa kuve nedambudziko rekuita maitiro edhijitari.
- Dzvanya kaviri pachitupa uye iyo Keychain Access application ichavhura.
- Dzvanya Wedzera uye wedzera chitupa chakarodha kukiyi yekupinda.
- Tarisa kuiswa kwechitupa nekupinda Keychain Access, kana nekutsvaga kubva kuLaunchpad kana kushandisa Spotlight.
- Enda kune Zvitupa Zvangu muruboshwe rworuboshwe uye iwe unowana chitupa uye zuva rekupera kwayo.
Isa zvitupa zvedhijitari muLinux
Kutora sereferensi ye Linux inoshanda system Ubuntu 13.10 uye Google Chrome web browser, unogona kuisa zvitupa zvedhijitari nekutevera matanho aya:
- Vhura iyo Google Chrome web browser uye isa iyo Sarudzo chikamu (iyo icon ine mitsara mitatu yakachinjika kumusoro kurudyi).
- Sarudza iyo Settings sarudzo.
- Press Show advanced options.
- Dzvanya bhatani reManage Certificates.
- Sarudza iyo Import sarudzo.
- Vhura iyo folda panochengeterwa chitupa chedhijitari, sarudza uye simbisa neVhura.
- Isa password uye OK.
Nemaitiro akareruka aya, chitupa chedhijitari chave kutoitwa mubrowser yako. Paunopinda peji kana chikuva chinochida, unozozivikanwa nechitupa ichi. Rangarira kutarisa zuva rekupera kuti uvandudze pazvinenge zvakakodzera.
Dziviriro yedata, kuvanzika uye kushandiswa
Iyo Electronic Sitifiketi yakakosha pakuita maitiro nekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka, asi panguva imwechete inoda kuchengetedzwa. Inobudiswa na Certification Authority iro rine basa rekusimbisa nekubatanidza munhu nechitupa. Kana wangozviwana, inoshandiswa kuratidza chitupa chako kumasangano akasiyana uye kupedzisa marudzi ese emaitiro kure.
To guarantee the kushandiswa zvakachengeteka kweiyi gwaro redhijitari, zvakakosha kuti iwe uichengete munzvimbo isina kukwana. Iwe unogona kugadzira makopi ekuchengetedza kana zvichidikanwa, asi ita shuwa kuti unodzora kuti ndiani anogona kuwana chitupa chako.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuita mvumo kune wechitatu bato, seakaunzi wako kana chipangamazano wemitero, zvishandise iwe. Izvi zvinoitwa nekusaina mvumo yekushandiswa kwega kwega. Mvumo inofanira kusanganisira nguva uye chiyero chemvumo kudzivirira chero kukanganisa. Rangarira kuti paunenge uchishandisa chitupa chako, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepamutemo ndiwe uri kuita maitiro kana chiito chega chega.
Icho chishandiso chine simba munyika yedhijitari, chinoita kuti zvive nyore uye kuchengetedza nguva pakuita maitiro. Asi sezvazvinowanzoitika munyika chaiyo, kune njodzi. Chenjerera uye chengetedza kuwana kwako digital certificate kuve nechokwadi chekuti unogona kuwana zvakanyanya kubva pachishandiso ichi. Nekufamba kwenguva, chitupa chedhijitari chave chakakurumbira, uye nhasi kune masangano akasiyana anoburitsa nekuishandisa.